There are different types of doctors, categorized into primary care and specialists. Primary care doctors treat general health issues, while specialists focus on specific conditions. This guide covers all medical specialties and their roles.
There are two main types of doctors: primary care physicians and specialists. When you have a health concern, your first visit is typically with a primary care doctor, who conducts an initial diagnosis. If your condition requires further expertise, your primary doctor will refer you to a specialist.
Some of the most common primary care doctors include family physicians, dentists, internists, pediatricians, and gynecologists. These doctors provide general healthcare services, preventive care, and routine checkups.
In contrast, specialist doctors undergo advanced training in a specific branch of medicine, focusing on diagnosing and treating complex conditions. There are over 160 different medical specialties, each catering to unique healthcare needs.
In the United States, there are millions of doctors across various medical fields. Becoming a doctor requires extensive education, including a 4-year graduate program at an accredited medical school, followed by a specialized residency training program that lasts 3-7 years, depending on the specialty.
Categories of Doctors
Medical doctors (MDs and DOs) and holistic doctors represent two broad categories of healthcare professionals. Both play a crucial role in diagnosing and treating illnesses, but they follow different approaches to medicine.
Medical doctors focus on evidence-based treatments, utilizing pharmaceuticals, medical procedures, and technology to manage diseases and health conditions.
Holistic doctors, on the other hand, emphasize the mind-body-spirit connection and use natural, non-invasive therapies to promote overall well-being. Their treatments often include dietary changes, lifestyle modifications, and alternative healing methods.
Types of Doctors
Aerospace Medicine Specialist
Aerospace Medical Practitioner specializes in the health and safety of pilots, astronauts, and aviation professionals. They assess medical fitness for flight, prevent altitude-related health risks, and study how environmental conditions impact human performance.
Allergist
Allergist diagnoses and treats allergies, asthma, and immune system disorders. They perform allergy testing, prescribe treatments, and help patients manage reactions to food, pollen, or environmental triggers.
Anaesthesiologist
Anesthesiologist administers anesthesia and monitors patients during surgeries or procedures. They manage pain control, ensure patient safety under sedation, and oversee post-operative recovery.
Andrologist
Andrologist focuses on male reproductive health, diagnosing and treating conditions like infertility, hormonal imbalances, and sexual dysfunction.
Interestingly, unlike gynecology, which requires plenty of medical board certification programs worldwide, andrology has no such requirements. Andrology has only been studied as a separate specialty since the late 1960s.
Cardiologist
Cardiologist specializes in heart health, diagnosing and treating conditions like high blood pressure, heart disease, and arrhythmias. They perform tests like EKGs and recommend treatments for cardiovascular conditions.
Cardiac Electrophysiologist
Cardiac Electrophysiologist focuses on diagnosing and treating heart rhythm disorders. They perform specialized procedures like catheter ablation and implant pacemakers or defibrillators to regulate abnormal heartbeats.
In many countries, Cardiac electrophysiology is viewed as a sub-discipline of cardiology and internal medicine (only from the 1970s). It typically requires 2+ years of internship training after a general cardiology fellowship.
Dermatologist
Dermatologist specializes in skin, hair, and nail health, diagnosing conditions like acne, eczema, and skin cancer. They provide treatments ranging from topical medications to laser therapy and cosmetic procedures.
Dietitian/Dietician
A dietitian is a specialist in human nutrition and the regulation of diet, also known as dietetics. A dietitian recommends nutrition based on the patient’s medical conditions (such as eating disorders) and individual needs. Aspiring students who want to become a dietitian should complete medical degrees and obtain licenses to assess, diagnose, and treat nutritional malfunctions.
Emergency Room (ER) Doctor
Emergency Room (ER) Doctor provides immediate medical care for critical and life-threatening conditions. They stabilize patients suffering from trauma, heart attacks, strokes, or other urgent medical emergencies.
Endocrinologist
Endocrinologist treats hormonal disorders affecting glands like the thyroid, pancreas, and adrenal glands. They manage conditions such as diabetes, thyroid disease, and hormonal imbalances through medications and lifestyle modifications. Explore the top Endocrine System Fun Facts.
Epidemiologist
Epidemiologist studies disease patterns in populations to identify risk factors, track outbreaks, and develop public health strategies. They analyze data to prevent and control the spread of infectious and chronic diseases.
Family Medicine Physician
Family Medicine Physician provides comprehensive healthcare for individuals of all ages, diagnosing and treating a wide range of conditions, managing chronic diseases, and focusing on preventive care.
Gastroenterologist
Gastroenterologist specializes in digestive system health, diagnosing and treating conditions like acid reflux, ulcers, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and liver disease through medications and procedures like endoscopy. Learn the top Digestive System Fun Facts here.
Geriatrician
Geriatrician focuses on the healthcare of older adults, managing age-related conditions such as osteoporosis, dementia, and chronic illnesses to improve quality of life and independence.
Hyperbaric Physician
Hyperbaric physicians/doctors are medical doctors trained in hyperbaric medicine, such as providing hyperbaric Oxygen (HBO – higher pressure of Oxygen than what we see in the air around us) therapy for conditions such as decompression illness and carbon monoxide poisoning from fire fumes.
Hyperbaric medicine covers hyperbaric oxygen treatment, which is at the atmospheric pressure to increase the oxygen flow in the body.
Hematologist
Hematologist diagnoses and treats blood disorders, including anemia, leukemia, and clotting disorders. They perform tests like blood counts and bone marrow biopsies to develop treatment plans.
Hepatologist
Hepatologist specializes in liver health, diagnosing and managing conditions such as hepatitis, cirrhosis, and fatty liver disease. They provide treatments to prevent liver failure and improve function. Explore a special type of liver cells called Kupffer cells.
Immunologist
Immunologist diagnoses and treats immune system disorders, including allergies, autoimmune diseases, and immunodeficiencies. They develop treatment plans to help patients manage conditions affecting their immune response. Discover the top Immune System Fun Facts here.
Infectious Disease Specialist
Infectious Disease Specialist focuses on diagnosing and treating bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic infections. They manage diseases like tuberculosis, HIV, and emerging infections through targeted therapies. Explore the top deadliest bacterial diseases here.
Intensivist
Intensivist specializes in critical care medicine, treating patients with life-threatening conditions in intensive care units (ICUs). They manage ventilators, organ support, and emergency interventions.
Internal Medicine Specialist
Internal Medicine Specialist provides comprehensive care for adults, diagnosing and managing chronic conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease through preventive and therapeutic approaches.
Maxillofacial Surgeon / Oral Surgeon
Maxillofacial Surgeon performs surgical procedures on the face, jaw, and mouth, treating conditions like facial trauma, cleft palate, and jaw misalignment to restore function and appearance.
Medical Examiner
Medical Examiner investigates unexpected or suspicious deaths, performing autopsies and forensic analysis to determine causes and assist in legal investigations.
Medical Geneticist
A medical geneticist is trained in general medicine, genetic diagnosis, and treating patients with genetic disorders. They use molecular genetics, cytogenetics, and biochemical tests to treat patients with a comprehensive molecular and clinical approach. Check out the genetic testing pros and cons here.
Medical Toxicologist
Medical Toxicologists specialize in the diagnosis, management, and prevention of poisoning and other adverse health effects caused by medications, occupational and current environmental toxins, and biological agents. They treat patients with acute or chronic poisoning and provide guidance on poison prevention, substance abuse, and hazardous materials.
Suggested Reading: Stomach Flu vs. Food PoisoningNeonatologist
Neonatologist specializes in the care of premature and critically ill newborns, managing conditions such as respiratory distress, infections, and congenital disorders in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).
Nephrologist
Nephrologist diagnoses and treats kidney diseases, including chronic kidney disease (CKD), kidney stones, and hypertension-related kidney damage, often managing dialysis and transplant patients. Find out the top Urinary System Fun Facts.
Neurologist
Neurologist specializes in nervous system disorders, diagnosing and treating conditions like epilepsy, migraines, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson’s disease through medications and therapies. Uncover the top Nervous System Fun Facts here.
Neurosurgeon
Neurosurgeon performs surgical procedures on the brain, spine, and nervous system, treating conditions such as tumors, spinal cord injuries, and aneurysms requiring complex surgical interventions.
Suggested Reading: Best Neurosurgery Schools in the US.Nuclear Medicine Specialist
Nuclear Medicine Specialist uses radioactive materials to diagnose and treat conditions like cancer, thyroid disorders, and heart disease through imaging techniques such as PET and SPECT scans.
Obstetrician/Gynecologist (OB/GYN)
Obstetrician specializes in women’s reproductive health, managing pregnancy, childbirth, and conditions like endometriosis, fibroids, and menopause-related issues.
Occupational Medicine Specialist
Occupational Medicine Specialist focuses on workplace health and safety, diagnosing and preventing job-related illnesses, injuries, and exposure to hazardous environments.
Oncologist
Oncologist diagnoses and treats cancer using chemotherapy, radiation, immunotherapy, and targeted therapies to manage tumor growth and improve patient survival.
Ophthalmologist
Ophthalmologist treats eye diseases and vision disorders, performing surgeries such as cataract removal, LASIK, and glaucoma treatment to preserve and restore sight.
Ophthalmology has subspecialties to specialize in particular eye diseases.
Orthopedic Surgeon / Orthopedist
Orthopedic Surgeon specializes in the musculoskeletal system, treating bone fractures, joint disorders, and spinal conditions through surgical and non-surgical interventions. Explore all skeleton system fun facts and muscular system fun facts.
Otolaryngologist (aka ENT Specialist)
Otolaryngologist treats conditions of the ear, nose, and throat, addressing issues such as sinus infections, hearing loss, and vocal cord disorders.
Osteopath
An osteopath (aka osteopathic physician) is a medical doctor who specializes in osteopathic medicine. Osteopath strives to improve people’s overall health and wellness by treating the whole person rather than a condition or disease they may have.
An osteopath can prescribe osteopathic manipulative medications and focus on stretching, massaging, and moving the musculoskeletal system to reduce pain and improve mobility, circulation of blood and lymphatic fluids.
Palliative Care Specialist
Palliative Care Specialist provides relief from pain and symptoms for patients with serious illnesses, improving their quality of life through supportive and end-of-life care.
Parasitologist
Parasitologist studies parasites and their effects on human health, diagnosing and treating infections caused by protozoa, helminths, and ectoparasites. Learn more about the virus structure here.
Pathologist
Pathologist analyzes body tissues and fluids to diagnose diseases, including infections and cancers, often working behind the scenes in laboratory medicine.
Perinatologist
Perinatologist specializes in high-risk pregnancies, diagnosing and managing fetal abnormalities, maternal health complications, and premature birth risks.
Periodontist
Periodontist focuses on gum health, treating conditions like gingivitis, periodontitis, and gum recession through surgical and non-surgical procedures.
Pediatrician
Pediatrician provides medical care for infants, children, and adolescents, managing vaccinations, growth monitoring, and common childhood illnesses.
Preventive Medicine Specialist
Preventive Medicine Specialist focuses on disease prevention and health promotion, designing strategies to reduce the risk of chronic conditions and improve public health.
Physiatrist
Physiatrist specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation, helping patients recover from injuries, strokes, and musculoskeletal disorders through non-surgical therapies.
Plastic Surgeon
Plastic Surgeon performs reconstructive and cosmetic procedures, correcting birth defects, trauma injuries, and aesthetic concerns to improve function and appearance.
Proctologist
Proctologist diagnoses and treats diseases of the colon, rectum, and anus, managing conditions like hemorrhoids, colorectal cancer, and inflammatory bowel disease.
Psychiatrist
Psychiatrist specializes in mental health, diagnosing and treating disorders such as depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder through therapy and medication.
Pulmonologist
Pulmonologist treats lung diseases such as asthma, COPD, pneumonia, and sleep apnea, helping patients improve respiratory function. Explore all respiratory system fun facts here.
Radiologist
Radiologist interprets medical imaging, including X-rays, MRIs, and CT scans, to diagnose diseases and guide treatment decisions.
Rheumatologist
Rheumatologist diagnoses and treats autoimmune and inflammatory diseases affecting joints, muscles, and connective tissues, including arthritis, lupus, and fibromyalgia.
Sleep Doctor / Sleep Disorders Specialist
Sleep Medicine Specialist focuses on diagnosing and treating sleep disorders such as insomnia, sleep apnea, narcolepsy, and restless legs syndrome to improve sleep quality.
Spinal Cord Injury Specialist
Spinal Cord Injury Specialist manages rehabilitation and treatment for patients with spinal cord injuries, helping restore mobility and improve quality of life.
Sports Medicine Specialist
Sports Medicine Specialist treats sports-related injuries, including fractures, ligament tears, and overuse conditions, using rehabilitation and non-surgical therapies.
Surgeon
Surgeon performs invasive medical procedures to treat diseases, injuries, and abnormalities, specializing in fields like general, orthopedic, and plastic surgery.
Thoracic Surgeon
Thoracic Surgeon specializes in surgeries of the chest, including procedures on the lungs, esophagus, and heart, often managing conditions like lung cancer and heart defects.
Urologist
Urologist diagnoses and treats urinary tract and male reproductive system disorders, including kidney stones, prostate conditions, and incontinence.
Vascular Surgeon
Vascular Surgeon treats diseases of the circulatory system, managing conditions like varicose veins, aneurysms, and artery blockages through surgery or minimally invasive procedures.
Veterinarian
Veterinarian diagnoses and treats illnesses, injuries, and diseases in animals, providing medical care, surgery, and preventive treatments for pets, livestock, and wildlife. Delve into various Wildlife Biology Degree Programs.
Who is the highest paid doctor?
The highest-paid doctors can vary depending on their specialty and location. In the United States, neurosurgery is often regarded as the highest-paying specialty, with an average annual salary of $788,313.
Additionally, the highest-paid doctor in a particular location can vary, as seen in the example of a radiologist in Moncton, New Brunswick, who had the highest salary in the province ranging between $1.9 million and $1.95 million.
Non-Medical Doctors (or) Holistic Doctors
A holistic doctor or practitioner is a healthcare professional who treats the whole person. When addressing health concerns, they consider physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual factors. These types of doctors use natural treatments, lifestyle changes, and alternative therapies to help patients. They also emphasize preventing health problems and working with patients to make decisions about their care.
Here are the high-level key differences between medical doctors and holistic types of doctors:
Approach | Whole-person, comprehensive approach | Conventional, symptom-focused approach |
Diagnosis | Considers physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual factors | Primarily focused on physical factors |
Treatment Options | Natural remedies, complementary therapies, lifestyle modifications | Pharmaceutical drugs, surgeries, specialist referrals |
Preventive Care | Prioritizes prevention and overall health maintenance | Focuses on treating existing conditions and managing symptoms |
Patient Involvement | Encourages active patient participation in decision-making | More traditional patient-doctor relationship |
Focus | Addresses root causes of illness | Targets specific symptoms or conditions |
Here is a comprehensive list of alternative kinds of doctors (non-medical) or holistic practitioners or healthcare professionals.
Acupressurist
Acupressurists are professionals who employ pressure on distinct points on the body to encourage recovery and relaxation. These experts help stabilize the body’s energy, known as “qi” by exerting pressure on these points, also recognized as acupoints.
Such stabilization is believed to alleviate discomfort and cure a range of health disorders. Acupressure is a category of Traditional Chinese Medicine and is akin to acupuncture, although it does not entail using needles.
Acupuncturist
An acupuncturist is a trained healthcare professional who practices the concepts of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in the form of Acupuncture (using needles and herbal medicines).
Acupuncturists are educated to diagnose various health problems such as pediatrics, gerontology, gynecology, various addictions (smoking, alcohol, and drug abuse), sports injury and pain management, mental health, oncology, dermatology, plus cosmetology.
Alexander Technique Practitioner
Alexander Technique Professionals impart teachings to their clients on how to better their posture and movement patterns, thereby reducing strain, agony, and unease. This technique concentrates on helping individuals become more cognizant of their body and movement routines, empowering them to alter detrimental patterns and augment overall wellness.
Animal-Assisted Therapist
Animal-Assisted Therapists are mental health specialists who integrate animals like dogs, horses, or other species into their therapeutic approach. These therapists utilize the exceptional bond between humans and animals to help clients confront emotional, psychological, and physical predicaments.
Applied Kinesiology Practitioner
Applied Kinesiology Practitioners employ muscle testing to evaluate energy disparities in the body and recognize the root causes of health ailments. These practitioners believe that muscle vigor is interconnected with the body’s organs and systems, and by examining muscle responses to diverse stimuli, they can identify and cure imbalances.
Aromatherapist
Aromatherapists utilize essential oils obtained from plants to foster physical, emotional, and mental wellness. These experts blend and apply these oils to mitigate a range of indications and disorders, like stress, anxiety, and inflammation.
Aromatherapy can be employed in diverse modes, including inhalation, massage, and topical application.
Art Therapist
Art Therapists are mental health specialists who employ artistic expression as a therapeutic instrument to aid clients in exploring and processing emotions, thoughts, and experiences. They furnish a secure and encouraging milieu for clients to utilize diverse art materials and methods to express themselves, which can result in personal development, heightened self-awareness, and better mental health.
Ashiatsu Practitioner
Ashiatsu Practitioners perform deep tissue massage, using their feet to apply pressure to clients’ muscles, often supported by overhead bars. This technique allows for deep, broad pressure to help release muscle tension, increase flexibility, and improve circulation.
Audiologist
An audiologist specializes in the study of hearing, balance, and other auditory disorders. Primarily audiologists provide professional patient-centered care to minimize the adverse impacts of these diseases on the person’s physical, mental, social, and psychological well-being.
Ayurvedic Practitioner
Ayurveda is one of the world’s ancient healing systems (about 3000+ years old from India), considering the balance of the whole body rather than focusing on symptoms like Western medicines. The primary focus of Ayurveda is to promote well-being as a whole.
An Ayurvedic doctor or practitioner studies the principles of Ayurveda and can identify the doshas (life forces – Vata, Pitta, and Kapha) and prescribe herbal medicines accordingly.
Biodanza Facilitator
Biodanza Facilitators lead group, movement, and dance sessions to encourage self-expression, emotional release, and connection. Biodanza is a holistic approach to well-being that combines movement, music, and group exercises to help individuals improve their emotional health, enhance self-awareness, and foster social connections.
Bioenergetic Therapist
Bioenergetic Therapists are experts in body-centered psychotherapy that prioritizes the interrelation between the body, mind, and emotions. These practitioners believe that unsettled emotional predicaments can present as physical tension and that by working with the body, they can assist clients in releasing these strains and enhancing their overall wellness.
Techniques employed in bioenergetic therapy may comprise breathing exercises, movement, and physical touch to explore and resolve emotional hindrances.
Biofeedback Therapist
Biofeedback Therapists operate specialized equipment to monitor and furnish feedback on clients’ physiological functions, such as heart rate, muscle tension, and skin temperature. By aiding clients in becoming more cognizant of these processes, they can acquire skills to control and manage them, leading to better health and wellness.
BodyTalk Practitioner
BodyTalk practitioners utilize a comprehensive approach to tackle physical, emotional, and mental imbalances in the body. They trust in the inherent ability of the body to self-heal. The body can restore communication between its systems and promote self-healing through muscle testing and tapping techniques.
Bowen Therapist
Bowen therapists use soft touches and careful moves on muscles, stretchy parts, and nerves to help heal, calm people, and remove pain. The Bowen way is a safe way to help the body heal by working on the parts connecting everything and the system that helps us feel things. It can help with problems like muscle pain, stress, and tummy troubles.
Brain Gym Practitioner
Brain Gym practitioners educate their clients on a sequence of movement-based exercises aimed to enhance cognitive function, learning abilities, and overall well-being. These exercises are grounded in the notion that integrating the body and mind can amplify mental performance and reduce stress.
Brain Gym therapy can benefit individuals of all ages, including children with learning difficulties, adults seeking to enhance cognitive function, and seniors seeking to sustain mental acuity.
Breathwork Practitioner
Breathwork practitioners guide clients through various breathing techniques and exercises to promote relaxation, emotional release, and self-awareness. By altering the breath’s rhythm and depth, clients can access altered states of consciousness, release stored emotions, and gain insight into their personal growth and healing.
Castellino Prenatal and Birth Training Practitioner
Castellino Prenatal and Birth Training Practitioners utilize a tender, hands-on method to assist pregnant women and their babies throughout the prenatal and birth journey. This therapy focuses on addressing physical and emotional traumas, fostering a strong bond between mother and baby, and improving overall well-being for both parties.
Chakra Balancing Practitioner
Chakra-balancing experts utilize complex methods to interact with the body’s chakras, energy centers that regulate one’s balance, remediation, and comprehensive well-being. These techniques encompass meditation, visualization, and tactile energy manipulation, all aiming to rid the body of obstacles and synchronize the energy flow.
Chigong Practitioner
Chigong Practitioners teach clients gentle exercises, meditation, and breathing techniques rooted in ancient Chinese practices. Chigong aims to cultivate and balance the body’s vital energy, or “qi” promoting relaxation, stress reduction, and overall well-being.
Chiropractor
A chiropractor specializes in diagnosing and treating neuromuscular disorders. Unlike regular neurologists or neurosurgeons, chiropractors treat patients through manual manipulation and adjustment of the spine.
Chiropractors focus on the conservative management of the neuromusculoskeletal system without the use of any medicines or surgery, however, with specific importance on the spine. Chiropractors typically treat low-back and neck pain issues by adjustments to the spinal cord.
Colon Hydrotherapist
Colon hydrotherapists, who are also referred to as colonic therapists, utilize a delicate approach to clean the colon with filtered, lukewarm water to remove any built-up waste and toxins. This technique enhances digestion, increases energy levels, and promotes overall health.
Color Therapist
Color therapists use the principles of color therapy, also known as chromotherapy, to promote healing and well-being. They believe that different colors have specific therapeutic properties and can be used to address various physical, emotional, and mental imbalances.
Techniques used in color therapy may include visualization, color-infused environments, and colored light, fabrics, or gemstones.
Core Energetics Practitioner
Professionals in Core Energetics are educated in a body-centered form of psychotherapy that unifies the body, mind, and emotions. Their arsenal of techniques encompasses movement, breathing, and tactile stimulation to facilitate the release of suppressed emotions and foster exploration of the correlation between one’s physical and emotional encounters.
Craniosacral Therapist
Practitioners of craniosacral therapy rely on tender, non-intrusive touch to relieve strain and blockages in the craniosacral system – a network encompassing the skull, spine, and sacrum. This therapy encourages the uninhibited flow of cerebrospinal fluid and balances the system, thereby boosting overall health and well-being.
Crystal Healer
Crystal healers utilize the inherent energy of crystals and gemstones to facilitate balance and remediation of the body, mind, and spirit. It is their conviction that each crystal harbors unique properties that can be used to target specific concerns or imbalances. Crystal healing techniques may include the application of stones on the body, integrating them into meditation, or wearing them as accessories.
Cupping Therapist
Therapists specializing in cupping employ a methodology that involves using cups, generally made of plastic, glass, or silicone, on the skin to generate suction. This practice is believed to amplify blood circulation, trigger relaxation, and rid the body of harmful toxins.
Diagnostician
A Diagnostician is also referred to as a medical diagnostician who studies the medical symptoms and reports of patients to diagnose the disease.
Diagnosticians generally use different methods with modifications such as logic, data analytics, and expertise to determine the cause and effect of diseases.
Diagnosticians use the computer science network & technology and mathematics & logic in the process.
Dolphin-assisted Therapist
Dolphin-assisted Therapists use interactions with dolphins as therapy, often for individuals with physical, emotional, or cognitive challenges. The unique characteristics of dolphins, such as their intelligence and social nature, can provide therapeutic benefits like stress reduction, increased motivation, and improved communication skills.
Ear Candling Practitioner
Ear candling practitioners use a technique that involves inserting a cone-shaped candle into the ear canal and igniting the opposite end. This process is thought to create a gentle suction that helps to eliminate earwax, debris, and toxins.
Ear candling can address problems like excessive earwax, sinus issues, and tinnitus. However, it is essential to note that medical experts widely debate the effectiveness and safety of ear candling.
Electroacupuncture Practitioner
Electroacupuncture practitioners apply a type of acupuncture that involves administering a slight electric current to acupuncture needles. This technique is thought to improve the results of conventional acupuncture by providing constant stimulation to particular points in the body.
Electroacupuncture can be employed to tackle several issues, such as pain, inflammation, and neurological disorders.
Emotional Freedom Technique Practitioner
Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT) practitioners assist clients through a process that involves tapping on particular acupressure points while concentrating on an emotional issue or physical discomfort.
This technique, also called “tapping” aims to help relieve negative emotions, decrease stress, and encourage healing. EFT can benefit individuals experiencing anxiety, trauma, pain, and other emotional challenges.
Equine-assisted Psychotherapist
Equine-assisted Psychotherapists incorporate horses into therapy sessions, using interactions with the animals to help clients address emotional, psychological, and behavioral issues. Horses’ sensitivity to nonverbal communication and social dynamics can provide valuable insights and promote personal growth in clients.
Esalen Massage Therapist
Esalen Massage Therapists perform a unique form of massage incorporating long, flowing strokes, gentle rocking, stretching, and joint mobilization. This therapy aims to promote relaxation, increase body awareness, and release physical and emotional tension.
Family Constellations Facilitator
Family Constellations facilitators guide clients through an experiential process to explore and heal family dynamics and unresolved issues. They use a combination of dialogue, movement, and role-playing to reveal hidden patterns and help clients gain new insights into their relationships.
Feldenkrais Method Practitioner
Feldenkrais Method practitioners utilize gentle movement exercises and body awareness techniques to assist clients in improving their posture, flexibility, and overall body function. This method is intended to enhance self-awareness, decrease pain, and improve well-being by examining movement patterns and habits.
Flower Essence Therapist
Flower essence therapists use liquid extracts of various flowers and plants to promote emotional and mental balance. They believe each flower essence has specific properties that can help address emotional imbalances or challenges.
Flower essences are typically taken orally or applied topically and can be used alongside other therapies to support emotional well-being.
Guided Imagery Therapist
Guided Imagery therapists utilize visualization techniques to assist clients in accessing their inner resources, inducing relaxation, and promoting healing. By leading clients through vivid mental images and scenarios, they help access the subconscious mind’s potential to aid emotional and physical well-being.
Hakomi Therapist
Hakomi therapists use body-centered psychotherapy that blends mindfulness, somatic awareness, and experiential techniques to promote self-discovery and healing. They collaborate with clients to examine the relationship between the mind and body and reveal the unconscious beliefs and patterns that may contribute to emotional or physical difficulties.
Herbalist
Herbalists rely on plants and plant extracts to boost health and wellness. They possess a wealth of knowledge about the medicinal qualities of different herbs and can create personalized herbal blends to tackle specific health issues or imbalances.
Herbalists can offer guidance on using herbs to address various problems, such as digestive issues, stress, and immune system support.
Holotropic Breathwork Practitioner
Holotropic Breathwork practitioners guide clients through a powerful breathing technique to facilitate deep self-exploration, emotional release, and personal transformation. This process involves rapid, deep breathing, evocative music, and supportive bodywork.
Homeopathic Doctor
Homeopathy is also one of the holistic healing systems similar to Ayurveda.
Homeopathy considers the body, mind, spirit, and feelings of the patient to prescribe plant-based medicines (herbs) which stimulate the body’s healing abilities.The homeopathic doctor is very similar to a conventional doctor who listens, examines, analyzes the patient’s symptoms, and prepares unique medicines tailored to address the patient’s problems.
Hydrotherapist
Hydrotherapists utilize water in different forms, like steam, ice, or mineral baths, to boost health and wellness. They believe that water’s distinct properties can aid in detoxifying the body, enhancing circulation, and reducing pain.
In addition, hydrotherapy can also be employed to tackle various concerns, such as joint pain, muscle tension, and stress.
Hypnotherapist
Hypnotherapists use hypnosis, a state of deep relaxation and focused attention, to help clients access their subconscious minds and make positive changes in their lives.
They guide clients through various techniques, such as guided imagery, positive suggestions, and regression therapy, to address various issues, including smoking cessation, weight loss, anxiety, and phobias.
Integrative Body Psychotherapy Practitioner
Integrative Body Psychotherapy practitioners adopt a holistic approach to therapy that merges talk therapy, body awareness, and energy work to address emotional, physical, and psychological issues. They trust that the body retains memories and emotions. By collaborating with the body, they can aid clients in releasing unresolved problems and attaining a greater sense of well-being.
Iridologist
Iridologists study the patterns, colors, and other characteristics of the iris to gain insights into a person’s overall health and wellness. They believe the iris can reveal information about various bodily systems and potential health issues.
While iridology is not a diagnostic tool, it can guide areas requiring further attention or lifestyle changes.
Jin Shin Do Practitioner
Jin Shin Do practitioners use a combination of acupressure and body-centered therapy to promote relaxation, release tension, and balance the body’s energy. They apply gentle pressure to specific points on the body, following meridians and energy pathways, to stimulate healing and restore balance.
Jin Shin Jyutsu Practitioner
Jin Shin Jyutsu practitioners utilize an ancient Japanese healing art that gently applies hands-on specific body points to harmonize and balance the body’s energy. They believe balancing the body’s energy can promote well-being and address various physical, emotional, and mental issues.
Jungian Analyst
Jungian analysts are psychotherapists who specialize in the theories and methods of Carl Jung. They work with clients to explore the unconscious mind, dreams, symbols, and archetypes to promote personal growth, self-understanding, and psychological healing.
Kabbalistic Healing Practitioner
Kabbalistic Healing Practitioners draw upon principles from the mystical Kabbalah tradition to facilitate healing and personal development. They may use meditation, visualization, and energy work techniques to help clients tap into their inner wisdom, tackle emotional challenges, and attain a heightened sense of balance and well-being.
Kinesiologist
Kinesiologists specialize in analyzing human movement and biomechanics. They collaborate with clients to evaluate, treat, and prevent movement-related problems like muscle imbalances, joint dysfunction, and poor posture.
Kinesiologists may employ various techniques like exercise prescription, manual therapy, and movement education to assist clients in enhancing their overall health, fitness, and performance.
Laughter Therapist
Laughter therapists use the power of laughter to promote physical, emotional, and mental well-being. They lead clients through various laughter exercises, games, and techniques to stimulate laughter, reduce stress, and encourage a positive outlook.
Light Therapist
Light therapists utilize different forms of light and color to enhance healing, balance energy, and promote overall well-being. Techniques may include exposure to particular light wavelengths, colored light filters, or light-emitting devices placed on the body.
Lomi Lomi Practitioner
Lomi Lomi practitioners perform a traditional Hawaiian massage incorporating rhythmic, flowing strokes and techniques to promote relaxation, release tension, and facilitate healing. They may also use prayer, breathwork, and energy work in the session.
Lymphatic Drainage Therapist
Lymphatic Drainage Therapists specialize in a gentle massage technique that helps stimulate the flow of lymphatic fluid and support the immune system. By promoting the movement of lymph, they can help reduce swelling, detoxify the body, and enhance overall well-being.
M Technique Practitioner
M Technique Practitioners use gentle, structured touch therapy to soothe and relax clients. The technique involves a series of stroking and pressure movements, which can help reduce stress, promote relaxation, and comfort individuals facing various physical or emotional challenges.
Macrobiotic Counselor
Macrobiotic Counselors guide clients in adopting a macrobiotic diet and lifestyle, emphasizing whole, natural foods and a balanced approach to eating. They provide personalized recommendations on food choices, meal planning, and cooking techniques to support clients’ overall health and well-being.
Magnetic Field Therapist
Magnetic Field Therapists use magnetic fields from static magnets or pulsed electromagnetic devices to encourage healing and overall well-being. They trust that magnetic fields can stimulate cellular function, decrease inflammation, and relieve pain.
Medical Intuitive
Medical Intuitives use their intuitive abilities to assess a client’s physical, emotional, and energetic well-being. They may provide insights into underlying imbalances or issues and recommend complementary therapies or lifestyle changes to support healing.
While medical intuitives do not diagnose or treat medical conditions, they can provide guidance and support in conjunction with conventional healthcare.
Meditation Instructor
Meditation Instructors teach diverse meditation techniques and practices to aid clients in cultivating greater self-awareness, reducing stress, and enhancing overall well-being. They may provide guided meditation sessions, mindfulness exercises, or specific traditions like transcendental meditation or Zen.
Microbiologist
Microbiologists are scientists or clinicians who study and examine the growth of microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, and fungi and their interactions with the human body to find the pathogens that harm the body and determine the proper treatment for the disease.
Microbiologists typically work on experimental research projects in a laboratory setting to improve scientific knowledge or to employ that understanding to improve outcomes in the medical industry.
Moxibustion Practitioner
Moxibustion Practitioners employ a traditional Chinese medicine method that entails burning the herb mugwort near specific acupuncture points on the body. This practice is believed to enhance circulation, promote healing, and augment the flow of vital energy or “qi“.
Moxibustion can tackle several conditions, such as pain, digestive issues, and reproductive health concerns.
Music Therapist
Music Therapists use music-centered interventions to address clients’ physical, emotional, cognitive, and social needs. They may use active techniques like playing instruments or singing or receptive techniques like listening to music or analyzing lyrics.
Myofascial Release Therapist
Myofascial Release Therapists employ hands-on techniques to manipulate and stretch the fascia, the connective tissue that envelops muscles and organs in the body. Freeing restrictions and tension in the fascia can help reduce pain, improve mobility, and enhance overall well-being.
Naturopathic Doctor
A naturopathic doctor (ND) is very similar to Ayurveda and Homeopathy, who focuses on the holistic healing system. ND helps to facilitate the body’s natural healing abilities to restore balance. Naturopathic physicians generally operate in private clinics, hospitals, and other community health centers. One who wishes to become an ND should complete a 4-year degree program from a recognized naturopathic medical school.
NDs handle various medical conditions and can give individual and family health care. Naturopathic medicine is used for many common problems, such as allergies, chronic pain, digestive issues, hormonal imbalances, respiratory conditions, etc.
Neuro-Linguistic Programming Practitioner (NLP)
NLP Practitioners use psychological techniques and communication strategies to help clients modify their thoughts, behaviors, and emotions. They focus on understanding the relationship between language, thought patterns, and behavior to facilitate personal growth and transformation.
Nia Instructor
Nia Instructors teach a holistic fitness practice combining dance, martial arts, and mindfulness. They guide students through choreographed movement patterns that promote physical conditioning, emotional expression, and mental clarity.
Nutritionist
Unlike dietitians, qualified medical doctors who diagnose and treat eating disorders and design specific diets to treat certain medical conditions, nutritionists deal with general nutritional goals and education. Nutritionists often work in schools, hospitals, cafeterias, long-term care facilities, and athletic organizations.
Ortho-Bionomy Practitioner
Ortho-Bionomy Practitioners use gentle, non-invasive techniques to help clients release pain, tension, and structural imbalances. They focus on guiding the body into positions of comfort, allowing it to correct itself and find balance naturally.
Orthomolecular Medicine Practitioner
Orthomolecular Medicine Practitioners focus on optimizing health by using vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and other natural substances. They aim to correct imbalances and deficiencies within the body, addressing various health issues and promoting overall well-being.
Osteopathic Manual Practitioner
Osteopathic Manual Practitioners utilize hands-on techniques, including soft tissue manipulation, joint mobilization, and stretching, to tackle structural imbalances and promote overall health. They concentrate on the correlation between the body’s structure and function and strive to re-establish balance and alignment.
Panchakarma Practitioner
Panchakarma Practitioners specialize in a traditional Ayurvedic detoxification and rejuvenation program. They use a combination of cleansing practices, herbal treatments, and dietary recommendations to help clients purify their bodies, restore balance, and enhance overall well-being.
Past Life Regression Therapist
Past Life Regression Therapists use hypnosis or guided meditation techniques to help clients explore and uncover memories from their past lives. Understanding these past experiences can provide insight into current issues, emotional patterns, and relationships.
This therapy works well for individuals seeking to better understand themselves, release emotional blocks, or heal unresolved traumas.
Pharmacist
Although a pharmacist is not a medical doctor, however, a health care professional who practices pharmacy, a branch of health sciences specializing in safe and effective medication use.
Within this, there are several different career options such as Retail Pharmacy, Clinical Pharmacy, Long-term care, Nuclear pharmacy, Home infusion & chemotherapy, pharmaceutical benefit management, and non-clinical pharmacy careers (Examples: Medical sales, Medical writing or Regulatory affairs).
Polarity Therapist
Polarity Therapists use a holistic approach to balancing the body’s energy systems through touch, stretching, and movement techniques. They focus on the flow of life energy within the body and aim to release blockages, promote relaxation, and restore balance.
Pranic Healer
Pranic Healers employ a non-touch energy healing technique to cleanse, balance, and rejuvenate the body’s energy system. They collaborate with the body’s innate life force, or “prana”, to foster physical, emotional, and mental well-being.
Psychodrama Therapist
Psychodrama Therapists adopt a form of experiential therapy that comprises role-playing, improvisation, and dramatic enactment to aid clients in exploring their emotions, relationships, and experiences. They facilitate therapeutic sessions wherein clients can gain insights, resolve conflicts, and practice new behaviors.
Psychosynthesis Practitioner
Psychosynthesis Practitioners apply a holistic method to psychotherapy, encompassing aspects of psychology, spirituality, and personal development. They guide clients in examining their inner landscape, cultivating self-awareness, and striving for an enhanced sense of harmony, equilibrium, and satisfaction.
Physiotherapist
A Physiotherapist helps people affected by injury, illness, or disability through massage, heat treatment, stretch exercises, education, and advice rather than drugs or surgery.
Also, they help patients to manage pain and prevent diseases.
Podiatrist / Chiropodist
A podiatrist (aka Chiropodist) is a medical doctor devoted to the diagnosis and medical and surgical treatment of disorders of the foot, ankle, and lower extremities.
The term podiatry came into existence only in the last century in the USA, and now it is widely used in UK and Australia.
QEEG Neurofeedback Practitioner
QEEG Neurofeedback Practitioners employ cutting-edge brain-mapping technology to examine clients’ brainwave patterns and deliver real-time feedback to help train the brain to operate more optimally. They utilize this information to establish personalized neurofeedback protocols that tackle various cognitive, emotional, and behavioral concerns.
Qigong Practitioner
Qigong Practitioners teach a Chinese energy cultivation practice that combines gentle movement, breathwork, and meditation to balance and enhance the body’s vital energy, or “qi”. They guide clients through exercises that promote relaxation, stress reduction, and overall well-being.
Qoya Instructor
Qoya Instructors lead clients in a movement practice that combines dance, yoga, and feminine energy to promote self-expression, healing, and personal growth. Qoya classes encourage participants to connect with their bodies, explore their emotions, and cultivate deeper self-awareness and empowerment.
Radionics Practitioner
Radionics Practitioners utilize specialized instruments to detect and balance subtle energy frequencies within the body. They maintain that these energy imbalances can contribute to several physical, emotional, and mental health issues.
Reflexologist
Reflexologists administer pressure to specific points on the hands, feet, and sometimes ears, which they believe correspond to different organs and systems within the body. They aim to foster relaxation, enhance circulation, and bolster the body’s natural healing processes.
Registered Massage Therapist
A Registered Massage Therapist (RMT) is a professional who has undergone additional training and education from recognized educational institutions in their jurisdiction and studied anatomy, physiology, pathology, physical assessment, neurology, treatments, and ethics to maintain the highest quality standards.
Reiki Practitioner
Reiki Practitioners employ a hands-on or hands-off healing technique to channel universal life force energy to clients, fostering relaxation, stress reduction, and self-healing. They balance the body’s energy centers, or chakras, to promote overall health and well-being.
Rolfing Practitioner
Rolfing Practitioners utilize a form of deep-tissue bodywork to release tension, realign the body, and enhance posture and movement. They focus on manipulating the body’s connective tissue, or fascia, to establish more balance and ease in the body.
Rosen Method Practitioner
Rosen Method Practitioners use a gentle touch and verbal communication to help clients become more aware of their physical and emotional experiences. They focus on releasing unconscious muscle tension and emotional patterns held in the body.
Rubenfeld Synergy Practitioner
Rubenfeld Synergy Practitioners use a combination of touch, movement, and talk therapy to help clients access and release stored emotions, beliefs, and memories within the body. They connect body, mind, emotions, and spirit to facilitate personal growth and transformation.
Sandplay Therapist
Sandplay Therapists use a non-verbal, expressive therapy technique that involves clients creating scenes in a small sandbox using miniature figures and objects. They believe this creative process can help clients access and process unconscious material, resolve conflicts, and promote personal growth.
Satir Therapist
Satir Therapists employ a humanistic, experiential approach to aid clients in enhancing their communication, relationships, and emotional well-being. They draw inspiration from the work of Virginia Satir, a pioneering family therapist, and concentrate on promoting clients’ self-awareness, self-esteem, and personal growth.
Shiatsu Practitioner
Shiatsu Practitioners use a form of Japanese bodywork that combines pressure, stretching, and joint mobilization techniques to balance the body’s energy and promote overall health. They work with the body’s meridian system, which is believed to be the pathway through which life force energy, or “qi” flows.
Thai Massage Practitioner
Thai Massage Practitioners execute a distinct form of bodywork that blends stretching, acupressure, and yoga-like movements. By maneuvering clients’ bodies and applying pressure to specific points, they aim to relieve tension, enhance flexibility, and encourage relaxation and overall well-being.
Therapeutic Horseback Riding Instructor
Therapeutic Horseback Riding Instructors offer equine-assisted activities and therapies for individuals facing physical, emotional, or cognitive challenges. Engaging with and riding horses can provide numerous advantages, such as improved balance, coordination, self-confidence, and communication abilities.
Trager Approach Practitioner
Trager Approach Practitioners employ tender, non-intrusive bodywork to enhance clients’ physical and emotional health by easing tension and encouraging relaxation. Utilizing a mix of gentle, rhythmic motions and attentive touch, they assist clients in gaining a deeper understanding of their bodies and the way they move. This heightened awareness improves flexibility, decreases discomfort, and improves overall well-being.
Traditional Chinese Medicine Practitioner (TCM)
TCM Practitioners use a holistic approach to health and healing rooted in ancient Chinese philosophy and practices. They may employ various techniques, such as acupuncture, herbal medicine, cupping, or moxibustion, to address clients’ health concerns and promote overall well-being.
Transactional Analysis (TA) Therapist
Transactional Analysis (TA) Therapists apply a psychoanalytic method to assist clients in comprehending their communication and behavioral habits and how these influence their relationships and emotional health. Concentrating on examining clients’ interactions with others, these therapists aim to instruct clients in adopting more efficient communication styles and fostering healthier connections.
Trauma-Informed Yoga Instructor
Trauma-Informed Yoga Instructors teach yoga techniques specifically tailored to support individuals who have undergone trauma. Their focus is establishing a secure, nurturing environment where clients can delve into movement, breathing, and mindfulness practices to mend the mind-body connection and foster overall wellness.
Transpersonal Therapist
Transpersonal Therapists employ a comprehensive, integrative method to support clients in examining and healing their psychological, emotional, and spiritual dimensions, contributing to overall wellness and personal advancement. They might utilize various techniques, including meditation, breathwork, or guided visualization, to foster clients’ self-awareness, emotional recovery, and spiritual growth.
Trichologist
Trichologists are experts in studying and treating hair and scalp disorders. They diagnose and address conditions like hair loss, scalp irritation, and dandruff using scientific understanding and hands-on experience.
Upledger CranioSacral Therapy Practitioner
Upledger CranioSacral Therapy Practitioners adopt a gentle, hands-on method to alleviate deep-seated tensions within the body, centering on the craniosacral system, which comprises the membranes and fluid encasing the brain and spinal cord. This therapy can help relieve pain and dysfunction and boost overall health by bolstering the body’s innate healing mechanisms.
Vision Therapy Practitioner
Vision Therapy Practitioners, often optometrists or ophthalmologists, use exercises and techniques to help patients improve their visual skills and correct eye movement, focusing, and teaming issues.
Voice Dialogue Facilitator
Voice Dialogue Facilitators use a process that helps clients explore and integrate various aspects or “sub-personalities” within themselves, promoting self-awareness, personal growth, and psychological well-being. They guide clients in dialogues with these different aspects, allowing them to gain new perspectives and create greater life balance.
Whether they work in their clinics, public hospitals, or communities, doctors aim to help keep people to the best of their well-being. But the list above only goes to show how vast the scope of the field of medicine is.
So if you are considering becoming a doctor, have you already decided which area you would like to study or specialize in?
I never expected to have physiotherapy in this list. Thanks a lot
Thanks . It was indeed helpful and also thanks for appreciating the occupation of a doctor
Bio Explorer, Thanks a lot for this information; it helps me a lot, and I’m also suggesting others if you have any doubts about your medical career. Then you must take a look at these. It must help you for choosing the perfect option for you!
HELPFUL INFORMATION THANK YOU BIO EXPLORER???
Thank you for the great article and exhaustive list. I was surprised that Osteopaths weren’t on the list, especially since they are MD’s.
Thanks F.Levi. I will update the article to include Osteopaths as well.
what a candid information. It’s great to know all the doctors and their functions. It’s helpful to know that. Thanks
Awesome stuff. Please keep writing more things like this. I really like the fact you went so in depth on this and really explored the topic as much as you did. I read a lot of blogs but usually, it’s pretty shallow content. Thanks for upping the game here!
Thank you Hanssen!
It’s great that this article shows all the different types of doctors that are in the medical field. I think that it is great that there are all kinds of different specialties to help the different kinds of issues within the body. Thank you for taking the time to list all of the doctor specialties. http://salamancamc.com.au/
Nicely compiled very good information on doctors. Thank you.
Good information
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[…] This is the most obvious choice after you’ve obtained your pre-med degree; though it’s definitely not the only one. Medical school itself is hardly limiting. With your medical degree you can move into podiatry services or surgery; become a general practitioner or an allergist. There are at least 65 different types of doctors. […]
This is a complete and exhaustive research on types of doctors. Good work! Very helpful.
Wow. What a comprehensive and insightful list of what seems like ALL the doctors on earth. Love it. Will be taking an in-depth look into each one of these! Thanks!
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How to convert to podiatrist after normal medical school?
Hi Nelson, You can find all details to your question here.
Hi
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